Home»Blog»Ventilation System Showdown: VAV vs. CAV – The Battle for Efficient Air Control
March 18, 2024

Ventilation System Showdown: VAV vs. CAV – The Battle for Efficient Air Control

Written by Canadian Scientific

The Cost of Clean Air

Traditional ducted fume hoods are well known in the industry to be energy hogs. As a matter of fact, they can represent one of the largest expenditures for laboratories due to the ongoing cost of power and HVAC loads.

 

Q: How can I effectively manage lab ventilation costs beyond the initial installation of my hood?

A: Start by learning the ventilation system that your lab requires.

 

Your lab’s ventilation system will determine how your fume hood functions in your unique space. Understanding the benefits and shortcomings of your laboratory ventilation system will enable you to make informed decisions that contribute to long term energy savings and reduced maintenance costs.

There are two main types of ventilation systems on the market: Variable Air Volume (VAV) and Constant Air Volume (CAV). Let’s take a look:

 

Constant Air Volume (CAV) systems

Variable Air Volume (VAV) systems

  • Exhausts the same amount of air at all times, regardless of sash height.
  • Varies the amount of air exhausted, based on sash height, to maintain a constant face velocity.
  • Exhaust uniormity can simplify the control and maintenance of the system.
  • Dynamically adjusts the volume of air being exhausted from the fume hood based on the specific requirements of the laboratory space.
  • CAV systems are the most common and are often seen in older laboratories and smaller spaces, or spaces with a low quantity of hoods.
  • Exhaust changes are made in response to the sash position. These systems automatically respond to changes in the airflow needs, ensuring a more energy-efficient operation.

CAV PROS

CAV CONS

VAV PROS

VAV CONS

Simplicity: CAV systems are known for their straightforward design and ease of control, making them a reliable and easy-to-maintain choice.

 

Energy Consumption: consumes more energy than VAV as they operate at a constant volume, even during periods of low demandEnergy Efficiency:  excel in energy conservation as they adapt to the actual demand, reducing unnecessary power consumption during low-activity periods.Initial Cost: The upfront cost of installing VAV systems may be higher compared to CAV systems.
Lower Initial Cost: CAV systems typically have a lower upfront cost compared to VAV systems.

 

Limited Adaptability: not as responsive to changes in laboratory activities, potentially leading to less efficient energy utilization.Cost Savings: results in lower energy bills, making them a cost-effective choice in the long run.Maintenance Complexity: may require more intricate maintenance due to their sophisticated design.
Enhanced Safety: maintain a constant face velocity even when sash positions change, ensuring a consistent level of protection for laboratory personnel.

 

 

 

AMS Solution Series: Designed for Both CAV and VAV Systems

SOLUTION SERIES WALK IN
The AMS Solution Series Floor Mounted Fume Hood is one of many AMS fume hoods that can be designed for CAV or VAV HVAC systems.

 

To simplify your fume hood purchasing process, opt for a hood that can handle both CAV and VAV systems such as our customizable AMS Solution Series hoods. These hoods are custom built to your space and are engineered with the evolution of your lab in mind. For example, if your lab is equipped with a CAV system, and you have an AMS solution series hood, you have the capability to switch to a VAV system without switching your hood. Once you have switched to a VAV system, simply install your VAV monitor to your Solution Series fume hood and your hood is ready to go.

Canadian Scientific supplies and installs a dynamic range of fume hoods engineered to work with both CAV and VAV systems without any mechanical alterations. We strongly recommend Solution Series hoods for maximum safety, protection, and efficiency.

 

 

 

Bottom line:The choice between a CAV or VAV system depends on the duration of your hood operation and budget. Working with a company that can customize your fume hood to CAV or VAV will increase your options for flexibility in the lab.

 

We’ll assist you with selection and installation!

Canadian Scientific is here to guide you through the decision-making and installation process, considering factors such as your lab's size, activities, and budget constraints. Our commitment to quality and customer satisfaction ensures that you receive not only top-notch products but also expert guidance in designing and implementing the most effective ventilation system for your fume hoods.

Contact us today to explore how we can elevate your laboratory environment with cutting-edge ventilation systems, fume hoods, and accessories.

 


Sources:
Labconco Corp. 3 Main Steps to Fume Hood Mechanical System Selection. https://www.labconco.com/articles/3-main-steps-to-fume-hood-mechanical-system-sele
TEL. (2017, November 29). 6 reasons to switch to variable air volume (vav) fume cupboard control. tel-uk.com. https://tel-uk.com/6-reasons-switch-variable-air-volume-vav-fume-cupboard-control/

 

 

 

Return to Blog Main Page